dialect – E367: Writing and Diversity

Min-Zhan Lu’s experience with language selection differs greatly from the other examples so far this semester. Opposed to the desire for people to feel comfortable expressing themselves using their native dialect, as a young child Lu was urged to use three different languages. More interestingly, Lu’s home language was the furthest from the native language of the area. The native language, Shanghai, was only to be used with the servants because that was all they could speak and was quickly being replaced with Standard Chinese, which she used in school. Her parents urged Lu to use English because they believed it was the language that would cause the most success.

“My grandmother reminisced constantly about how she had slaved and saved to send my father to a first-rate missionary school. And we were made to understand that it was my father’s fluent English that had opened the door to his success.”
Lu, “From Silence to Words: Writing as Struggle”

An issue seen in American culture is fear of expression for different cultures in certain areas. It is remarkable that Lu had the same emotions around this issue, but her experience was the exact opposite. A language that was not even her native language became her home language, and then suddenly she was persuaded away from using it anymore. It was fascinating that as soon as Lu grew older, she realized the political climate change. English, once being the language that offered a brighter future, became the language of the “Bourgeois.” It was frowned upon to use anything other than Standard Chinese because of judgement from the “working class.” She felt uncomfortable using English because people would assume she felt more superior. She says, “From then on, I took care not to use English outside home and to conceal my knowledge of English from my new classmates.” This brings up some important questions. Why is it that using a certain language can be met with such strongly opposing cultural opinion, resulting in fear for the speaker or the audience? Why is it the way that something is said is focused on, and not the content of what is being said?

Barbara Mellix’s “From Outside, In” was what I thought to be a very interesting response to a cultural difference that has been taking place in America since the very first slave traders began to bring men and women over to the colonies. She begins immediately by describing the difference between “Black English” and “Standard English.” Mellix explains that how when she is around her immediate nucleic family she feels comfortable to speak in what she considers her native tongue of Black English. When she is at an event involving more distant family members or people that she does not know, she tries her best to speak in Standard English. Interestingly, she notes that her immediate family is always uncomfortable when it comes to speaking Standard English. She goes in to detail about her father speaking when she writes,

“My father was more articulate, more aggressive. He spoke quickly, his words sharp and clear. But he held his proud head higher, a signal that he, too, was uncomfortable.” (Mellix, 259, p 3)

I found this to be a fascinating description because of how uncomfortable and how distinct she believed the difference in the dialects to be. Both parties involved are speaking English and, yet, Mellix and the rest of her family, all of whom know how to use Standard English, seem to be almost wildly uncomfortable when they are not using their “native tongue.” This still goes on today. I have many friends who live in more urban areas than myself and when I visit them, the dialect is different – different words, words being used in other fashions. It is striking how distinct the differences are.

To continue, Mellix goes on to discuss her journey with Standard English in a college classroom when she found herself in an entry-level composition class at the University of Pittsburgh. Barbara Mellix initially describes her experiences in the class as,

“Each experience of writing was like standing naked and revealing my imperfection, my ‘otherness’.” (Mellix 264, p 2)

Quite obviously, Mellix is very comfortable with Standard English and she writes with incredible talent, however, she is very uncomfortable being able to utilize her ability to go back and forth between using Black and Standard English with ease in the early stages of her writing. I believe this to be intriguing because of mastery of the English language in which she writes with. She demonstrates her elite writing talent but has come so far from an entirely different dialect of the English language being able to write and speak as well as she does.

Tag: dialect

Fear of the Language vs. Content

Same Animal, Different Beast, One Language